| Title | Effect of temperature on the development and longevity of Planococcus ficus (Signoret) (Homoptera: Pseudococcidae) |
| Publication Type | Journal Papers |
| Year of Publication | 2010 |
| Authors | Varikou, K., Birouraki, A., Bagis, N., & Kontodimas, D. C. |
| Journal | Annals of the Entmological Society of America |
| Volume | 103 |
| Pagination | 943-948 |
| ISSN | |
| URL | https://academic.oup.com/aesa/article/103/6/943/116767?login=true |
| DOI | 10.1603/AN10043 |
| Citation Key | |
| Keywords | Planococcus ficus, vines, developmental time, temperature threshold, thermal requirements |
| Abstract | The developmental biology of Planococcus ficus (Signoret) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae)
on table grape (Vitis spp.) leaves (ÔSoultaninaÕ) was studied at seven constant temperaturesÑ15,
17.5, 20, 25, 30, 32.5, and 35CÑunder laboratory conditions. Developmental time and adult longevity
were inversely related to temperature. No nymphs hatched from eggs when incubated at 15 and 35C,
whereas no nymphs survived at 32.5C. The highest egg-to-adult survival (72.09%) was found at 30C
and the lowest (48.80%) at 25C. The mean total developmental time from egg to adults for females
ranged from 39.87 d at 30C to 112.62 d at 17.5C. The recorded sex ratio of the offspring was strongly
female biased. Adult females lived from 27.64 d at 30Cto 63.70 d at 20C, whereas males lived 1.66Ð7.55
d, respectively. Both linear and nonlinear models adequately described the relationship between
temperature and developmental rates for immature stages of P. ficus. Thus, P. ficus required 555.56
degree-days to complete development from egg to adult stage, above a minimum threshold of 11.11C
as estimated by linear regression.Thetemperature thresholds for allnymphinstars of P. ficus, estimated
by the linear model, were lower than values that were estimated by the non linear model. The
predicted upper lethal temperature was 32.5C, with a minimum threshold for total development
occurring at 14.20C, as estimated by a nonlinear model. These results may lead to better management
of P. ficus by improving predictions of its seasonal appearance. |
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